Neurology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. 🧠 What Neurology Covers Neurologists evaluate and manage conditions related to: The central nervous system (brain & spinal cord) The peripheral nervous system (nerves in limbs and organs) The autonomic nervous system (controls involuntary functions like heart rate, digestion) Neuromuscular junctions (where nerves meet muscles) ⚠️ Common Neurological Disorders Stroke Sudden loss of brain function due to interrupted blood flow. Symptoms: facial droop, arm weakness, speech difficulty (act FAST). Epilepsy & Seizures Abnormal electrical activity in the brain. May involve convulsions, loss of consciousness, or staring spells. Headaches & Migraines Chronic or acute headaches, with or without aura, sensitivity to light/sound. Parkinson’s Disease A movement disorder causing tremors, stiffness, and slowed movements. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Autoimmune attack on nerve coverings (myelin), leading to varied neurological symptoms. Alzheimer’s Disease & Dementia Progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Peripheral Neuropathy Damage to peripheral nerves, often from diabetes, causing numbness, tingling, or pain. Brain Tumors Can be benign or malignant; symptoms vary depending on location. Sleep Disorders Including narcolepsy, insomnia, restless leg syndrome. Neuromuscular Disorders Such as myasthenia gravis or muscular dystrophy. 🩺 Neurological Testing & Diagnosis MRI / CT scans – Brain and spinal imaging EEG (Electroencephalogram) – Measures electrical brain activity EMG / NCS – Tests for muscle and nerve function Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) – Analyzes cerebrospinal fluid Cognitive assessments – For memory and thinking problems 🧩 When to See a Neurologist See a neurologist if you or someone experiences: Frequent or severe headaches Memory problems or confusion Weakness or numbness in limbs Loss of coordination or balance Seizures or blackouts Tremors or involuntary movements Vision or speech difficulties