GYNAECOLOGY
1. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
What it is: Hormonal imbalance causing irregular periods, cysts on ovaries, acne, weight gain.
Treatments: Lifestyle changes (diet, exercise), hormonal birth control to regulate periods, medications like Metformin, fertility treatments if pregnancy is desired.
2. Endometriosis
What it is: Tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside it, causing pain and sometimes infertility.
Treatments: Pain relief (NSAIDs), hormonal therapies (birth control pills, GnRH agonists), surgery in severe cases.
3. Fibroids (Uterine Leiomyomas)
What it is: Non-cancerous growths in the uterus causing heavy bleeding, pain.
Treatments: Medications to control bleeding and pain, hormonal therapy, surgical options like myomectomy or hysterectomy, uterine artery embolization.
4. Vaginal Infections (e.g., Bacterial Vaginosis, Yeast Infections)
What it is: Infections causing itching, discharge, irritation.
Treatments: Antibiotics for bacterial infections, antifungal creams or pills for yeast infections.
5. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
What it is: Infection of the female reproductive organs, often due to sexually transmitted infections.
Treatments: Antibiotics, sometimes hospitalization if severe.
6. Menstrual Disorders
Examples: Heavy bleeding (menorrhagia), painful periods (dysmenorrhea), absence of periods (amenorrhea).
Treatments: Depending on cause, may include pain relief, hormonal therapy, lifestyle changes.
7. Ovarian Cysts
What it is: Fluid-filled sacs on the ovary, often harmless but can cause pain if large or ruptured.
Treatments: Watchful waiting, pain relief, surgery if cysts are large or persistent.
8. Cervical Dysplasia and HPV
What it is: Abnormal changes in cervical cells often caused by HPV infection; can lead to cervical cancer.
Treatments: Monitoring via Pap smears, procedures like LEEP or cryotherapy to remove abnormal cells.
